Calendula officinalis
Calendula officinalis
Other names: Měsíček
Orange flowers in gardens and waste places.
Upright stem with opposite leaves.
- Family
- Asteraceae
- Plant type
- Annual herb
- Safety level (indicative)
- Generally recognised as safe
What the safety levels mean (expand legend)
- Generally recognised as safe. Often a common herb with reasonable harvest and use; still read the specific warnings on the card.
- Information. Primarily informational — details in the text and warnings below matter most.
- Caution. Needs extra care (dose, duration, sensitive groups, interactions).
- Risky. Significant risks — verify sources, contraindications and professional guidance.
- Not for home experimentation. Not suitable to experiment with at home without knowledge and certainty.
- High risk for internal use. Particular risk with internal use (e.g. alkaloids); avoid prolonged or irresponsible dosing.
- Not specified. Level not filled in yet — rely on individual warnings and links below.

Fotografie na Wikimedia Commons (Public domain).
Plant habit
Quick overview
A practical summary; details are in the sections below.
- Safety grade
- Generally recognised as safe·details
- Scientific sources on the card
- Yes — sources are listed with claims·Science section
- When and what to harvest
- Flower — May–July
- Processing methods
Herbal infusion (tea), Herbal oil, Honey macerate
All methods and recipes on the card- Topics and symptoms
Bruises & scars (topical care), Complexion and local blemishes, Digestion…
Topics section · Symptoms overview
Identification and mix-ups
Head with ray and disc florets.
Possible mix-ups and risks
Do not confuse with ornamental daisies.
Similar herbs
- Matricaria chamomilla
Květinové čaje a zahradní symbolika; jiná čeleď a zpracování sušiny.
- Rosa canina
Květy a okvětní části v zahradní tradici; u růže pozor na trny a správný druh šípkové růže.
Topics and symptoms
More topics are in the symptoms and topics overview.
- Bruises & scars (topical care)Traditional· Traditional / cultural framing
- Complexion and local blemishesTraditional· Traditional / cultural framing
- DigestionTraditional· Traditional / cultural framing
- Insect bites (topical)Traditional· Traditional / cultural framing
- SkinScientific· Preliminary or weaker scientific findingsTraditional· Traditional / cultural framing
- Skin after sunTraditional· Traditional / cultural framing
- Women's topics in folk herbalismTraditional· Traditional / cultural framing
Geographic occurrence
Czechia
Common (expected wild occurrence in the region)
Austria
Common (expected wild occurrence in the region)
Germany
Common (expected wild occurrence in the region)
Hungary
Common (expected wild occurrence in the region)
Poland
Common (expected wild occurrence in the region)
Slovakia
Common (expected wild occurrence in the region)
France
Common (expected wild occurrence in the region)
Myanmar
Occasional (garden, cultivation, or fringe of the range)
Morocco
Common (expected wild occurrence in the region)
Canada
Occasional (garden, cultivation, or fringe of the range)
Australia
Occasional (garden, cultivation, or fringe of the range)
South Africa
Common (expected wild occurrence in the region)
Harvest
- FlowerMay–July
léto
Region: CzechiaNotes: Harvest note (full translation pending): Kvetenstvi v suchu.
Storage
- Drying(Leaf)
Sušený rostlinný materiál uchovávej v uzavřené nádobě.
- Light:
- Mimo přímé UV.
- Moisture:
- Nízká relativní vlhkost.
Processing methods on this herb card
Infusion or brief extraction in hot water; usually without long boiling.
Full method description (from the catalogue)
In the narrow sense, “tea” often means an infusion: you pour water just off the boil over the dried plant matter and let it steep for a few minutes. Temperature, steep time, and the herb-to-water ratio change both flavour and what dissolves into the liquid.
Compared with a decoction, heat exposure is shorter and gentler; tender leaves and flowers are often better as an infusion than with prolonged simmering. For each herb, always follow the plant card for suitable plant part, preparation, and safety notes — general rules never replace species-level judgement.
Traditional context for this method: yes·Scientific context for this method: no
Procedure (recipe)
Calendula officinalis — Herbal infusion (tea) (Flower)
About 10 min · Difficulty: Beginner
- Use 1 teaspoon dried petals per cup (or 2–3 small dried flower heads by size).
- Pour boiling water, cover, and steep 8–10 minutes.
- Strain — golden-orange color is often pronounced.
Why this way (extraction / behaviour of constituents)
Horká voda a doba louhování řídí uvolňování polárních metabolitů a část těkavých silic; domácí nálev není totéž co standardizovaný čajový extrakt z registrovaných přípravků.
- What is typically released
- orientační domácí extrakce — profil závisí na teplotě, času řezu a poměrech
- Solvent / water
- mediální složení (voda, alkohol, olej, med…) viz jednotlivé kroky
- After preparation
- po přípravě uchovávej hygienicky a podle typu výrobku (chlad, světlo, alkohol)
Extra literature for the recipe
- Vyhledávání studií (PubMed apod.)Konkrétní vědecká tvrzení ověř na kartě byliny a v primární literatuře.
Macerating herbs in a vegetable oil (cold or with gentle heat).
Full method description (from the catalogue)
Herbal oil is made by steeping dried or fresh material in oil (e.g. olive, sunflower) over time, sometimes with gentle warming. The result is not steam-distilled essential oil — it is a different extract type and usage (often topical or culinary per recipe).
Temperature, light, and material moisture affect shelf life; rancid oil must be discarded.
Traditional context for this method: yes·Scientific context for this method: no
Procedure (recipe)
Calendula oil macerate
About 35 min · Difficulty: Beginner
- Fill a jar about one third with dried petals (fresh flowers must be well dried to avoid mould).
- Cover at room temperature with good plant oil (e.g. olive or sunflower) so plant material stays submerged.
- Macerate 3–6 weeks in a warm shady spot, shaking occasionally; strain through cloth and store in glass away from light.
Hands-on prep is short; maceration takes weeks. External use only unless you verify suitability for other uses.
Why this way (extraction / behaviour of constituents)
Home preparation following this recipe is mainly educational and cultural; it should not be assumed to match the extractive or safety profile of registered medicines or standardized extracts. Check specific effects, drug interactions, and contraindications on the herb card and with your clinician if you use prescription drugs.
- What is typically released
- orientační domácí extrakce — profil závisí na teplotě, času řezu a poměrech
- Solvent / water
- mediální složení (voda, alkohol, olej, med…) viz jednotlivé kroky
- After preparation
- po přípravě uchovávej hygienicky a podle typu výrobku (chlad, světlo, alkohol)
Extra literature for the recipe
- Vyhledávání studií (PubMed apod.)Konkrétní vědecká tvrzení ověř na kartě byliny a v primární literatuře.
Macerating plant material in honey (a honey conserve).
Full method description (from the catalogue)
Honey as a maceration medium creates a viscous mixture with its own biochemistry: water activity, acidity, and enzymes influence shelf life and flavour. Traditionally it is used with delicate flowers or herbs when you want aroma bound into honey.
Infant botulism guidance for honey and honey safety in general sit outside a single herb page; maceration time, ratios, and storage must follow a vetted recipe and source, not this general overview alone.
Traditional context for this method: yes·Scientific context for this method: no
Procedure (recipe)
Calendula flower honey
About 30 min · Difficulty: Beginner
- Fill a jar about one third with dried petals and cover with honey.
- Macerate 3–4 weeks in a warm shady place, then strain.
- Honey may take on a golden tint from the flowers.
Maceration takes weeks.
Why this way (extraction / behaviour of constituents)
Home preparation following this recipe is mainly educational and cultural; it should not be assumed to match the extractive or safety profile of registered medicines or standardized extracts. Check specific effects, drug interactions, and contraindications on the herb card and with your clinician if you use prescription drugs.
- What is typically released
- orientační domácí extrakce — profil závisí na teplotě, času řezu a poměrech
- Solvent / water
- mediální složení (voda, alkohol, olej, med…) viz jednotlivé kroky
- After preparation
- po přípravě uchovávej hygienicky a podle typu výrobku (chlad, světlo, alkohol)
Extra literature for the recipe
- Vyhledávání studií (PubMed apod.)Konkrétní vědecká tvrzení ověř na kartě byliny a v primární literatuře.
Traditional / spiritual use
Kept separate from science — entries are cultural or symbolic, not medical advice.
Related guides in the library
Orange marigold rings in the garden bed
General
Traditional useFolk useHerbal lorePot marigold belongs to ornamental beds, orange petal rings, and informal petal teas in folk memory. Warm colour is atmosphere, not a skin or digestion treatment claim.
- Form:
- čaj, masti v lidové praxi
- Claim strength:
- Tradition
- Source note:
- Garden and cosmetic tradition — separate from scientific product claims.
Scientific notes
Each claim lists a study type and a source (URL or DOI) where available. Dose notes from the literature are informational only.
How to read evidence strength and study type labels
Labels summarise how the catalogue entry is tagged — they are not a medical verdict on efficacy. For every row, read the summary, limitations and source link.
Evidence strength
- Evidence level not specified
- The author did not grade the record; judge from the summary, limitations and source link.
- Narrative / orientational literature
- Descriptive or expert literature without controlled group comparison — context rather than proof of effect.
- Weak evidence
- Study or conclusion with major methodological limits; treat only as a pointer for further reading.
- Preliminary findings
- First or smaller studies — interesting direction, not the final word on efficacy or safety.
- Moderate strength of evidence
- Moderate strength by study design; sample and context limits still apply.
- Stronger evidence
- Stronger design or consistency of results within the study’s stated limits.
- Review article
- A review summarises multiple sources; quality depends on review method and field.
Study type
- Narrative / expert text
- Expert text or overview without a classical study design.
- In vitro study
- Cell culture or test-tube experiment — does not show an effect in the body.
- Animal study
- Animal model — transfer to humans is not automatic.
- Observational study
- Observing groups without random treatment assignment; confounding is possible.
- Clinical trial
- Human clinical trial; sample size and control group matter.
- Randomised controlled trial
- Randomised controlled trials are among the stronger designs when well conducted.
- Review study
- A review aggregates multiple papers — quality depends on selection rules.
- Systematic review
- Systematic review with explicit search and selection methodology.
- Meta-analysis
- Statistical pooling of studies; outcome depends on input data and heterogeneity.
- Regulatory assessment / monograph (EMA, WHO…)
- Regulatory body summary for a herbal product — different context from a single RCT; often about products, not home tea.
- Expert monograph (herbal preparations)
- Structured literature summary for a plant or drug — quality depends on author and edition year.
Calendula extracts are investigated for skin repair endpoints in some clinical models; internal use evidence is thinner and overlaps with cosmetic safety testing.
Evidence level not specifiedNarrative / expert textLimitations: Asteraceae allergy; product-dependent composition; wound care must follow clinical severity and hygiene rules.
Images
The main photo is in the card header. More images will appear here when available.
Safety
What the warning types mean
The type on each warning helps group themes — it does not replace the separate severity badge.
- Internal use
- Risks from swallowing, extracts, duration of use or concentration for internal use.
- Interactions / medicines
- Possible effect on medicines or concurrent treatment — check sources and a professional.
- Raw plant parts
- Raw, unripe or poorly prepared plant parts can be dangerous.
- Toxins and regulation
- Toxic constituents or regulated compounds (e.g. in distillates).
- Contact with the plant
- Skin or mucosa irritation from contact with fresh plant or sap.
- Allergy
- Allergic reactions, often linked to family sensitisation.
- Harvesting and contamination
- Contamination, species mix-ups or harvesting from unsuitable places.
No structured safety records yet.