Wasabia japonica
Wasabi
Generally recognised as safeOther names: Eutrema japonicum, Japanese horseradish
Wasabi of cold spring gravel in mountains; culinary rhizome.
Perennial from rhizome; kidney-shaped basal leaves.
- Family
- Brassicaceae
- Plant type
- Perennial herb
What the safety levels mean (expand legend)
- Generally recognised as safe. Often a common herb with reasonable harvest and use; still read the specific warnings on the card.
- Information. Primarily informational — details in the text and warnings below matter most.
- Caution. Needs extra care (dose, duration, sensitive groups, interactions).
- Risky. Significant risks — verify sources, contraindications and professional guidance.
- Not for home experimentation. Not suitable to experiment with at home without knowledge and certainty.
- High risk for internal use. Particular risk with internal use (e.g. alkaloids); avoid prolonged or irresponsible dosing.
- Not specified. Level not filled in yet — rely on individual warnings and links below.

Photograph on Wikimedia Commons (Public domain).
Plant habit
Quick overview
A practical summary; details are in the sections below.
- Safety grade
- Generally recognised as safe details
- Scientific sources on the card
- Yes — sources are listed with claims Science section
- When and what to harvest
- Rhizome — January–December
- Processing methods
Culinary use, Powder
All methods and recipes on the card- Topics and symptoms
Digestion, Stuffy nose & colds
Topics section, Symptoms overview
Identification and mix-ups
Habitat and habit differ from watercresses.
Possible mix-ups and risks
Horseradish when material is uncertain.
Similar herbs
- Horseradish
Horseradish is the stand-in for most 'wasabi' on the market: a white root with a sharper, coarser heat. Real wasabi is a green rhizome with a delicate, fast-fading heat and a sweet finish.
Topics and symptoms
More topics are in the symptoms and topics overview.
- DigestionCulinary· Traditional / cultural framing
- Stuffy nose & coldsCulinary· Traditional / cultural framing
Geographic occurrence
Japan
Common (expected wild occurrence in the region)
Harvest
- RhizomeJanuary–December
celoročně
Region: JapanNotes: The rhizome (strictly a thickened stem) is harvested 18–24 months after planting, from the cold running water of mountain beds (sawa-wasabi) all year; leaves and stalks are picked continually as a vegetable.
Storage
- Refrigeration(Rhizome)
A fresh rhizome keeps 2–3 weeks in the fridge wrapped in a damp cloth inside a bag; change the cloth every few days. Grate just before eating, the heat fades within 15 minutes.
- Moisture:
- Must neither dry out nor sit in water.
Processing methods on this herb card
Cooking, baking, seasoning as food — general category without therapeutic claims.
Full method description (from the catalogue)
Culinary use covers herbs as ingredients in dishes, drinks, or spice mixes. This overview does not evaluate medicinal effects — only reminds you about species intent, allergies, and heat treatment where needed (e.g. some fruits or plant parts).
Combining with alcohol, sugar, or long cooking changes outcomes; verify culinary sources.
Traditional context for this method: yes·Scientific context for this method: no
Finely ground dried herb; dosing and solubility depend on species.
Full method description (from the catalogue)
Powder increases surface area for liquids or food. Home milling needs a clean grinder and control of fineness; very fine powder may clog tea filters.
Store airtight against moisture and pests.
Traditional context for this method: no·Scientific context for this method: no
Commercial 'wasabi powder' is mostly horseradish with mustard and dye, not this plant.
Traditional / spiritual use
Kept separate from science — entries are cultural or symbolic, not medical advice.
Wasabi from Utogi — the spice a shogun kept for himself
General
Historical mentionFolk useHerbal loreWasabi cultivation began around 1600 in the mountain village of Utogi near Shizuoka; tradition has it that Tokugawa Ieyasu tasted the local wasabi, declared it a treasure and forbade its export from the province. Wasabi became paired with Edo sushi in the 19th century through the folk belief that it 'kills the poison' of raw fish. A historical record, not evidence of effect.
- Form:
- koření k syrové rybě, dar šógunovi
- Claim strength:
- Historical mention
- Source note:
- Tradition of the Utogi growers (Shizuoka), Edo culinary history; laboratory antimicrobial data exist, clinical data do not.
Scientific notes
Each claim lists a study type and a source (URL or DOI) where available. Dose notes from the literature are informational only.
How to read evidence strength and study type labels
Labels summarise how the catalogue entry is tagged — they are not a medical verdict on efficacy. For every row, read the summary, limitations and source link.
Evidence strength
- Evidence level not specified
- The author did not grade the record; judge from the summary, limitations and source link.
- Narrative / orientational literature
- Descriptive or expert literature without controlled group comparison — context rather than proof of effect.
- Weak evidence
- Study or conclusion with major methodological limits; treat only as a pointer for further reading.
- Preliminary findings
- First or smaller studies — interesting direction, not the final word on efficacy or safety.
- Moderate strength of evidence
- Moderate strength by study design; sample and context limits still apply.
- Stronger evidence
- Stronger design or consistency of results within the study's stated limits.
- Review article
- A review summarises multiple sources; quality depends on review method and field.
Study type
- Narrative / expert text
- Expert text or overview without a classical study design.
- In vitro study
- Cell culture or test-tube experiment — does not show an effect in the body.
- Animal study
- Animal model — transfer to humans is not automatic.
- Observational study
- Observing groups without random treatment assignment; confounding is possible.
- Clinical trial
- Human clinical trial; sample size and control group matter.
- Randomised controlled trial
- Randomised controlled trials are among the stronger designs when well conducted.
- Review study
- A review aggregates multiple papers — quality depends on selection rules.
- Systematic review
- Systematic review with explicit search and selection methodology.
- Meta-analysis
- Statistical pooling of studies; outcome depends on input data and heterogeneity.
- Regulatory assessment / monograph (EMA, WHO…)
- Regulatory body summary for a herbal product — different context from a single RCT; often about products, not home tea.
- Expert monograph (herbal preparations)
- Structured literature summary for a plant or drug — quality depends on author and edition year.
The review summarises laboratory studies of 6-(methylsulfinyl)hexyl isothiocyanate (6-MSITC), the compound characteristic of wasabi: in cell and animal models it dampens inflammatory pathways (COX-2, iNOS, NF-kB) and acts as an antioxidant.
Narrative / orientational literatureReview studyYear: 2012Limitations: Exclusively in vitro and animal data; no clinical studies in humans. The amount of 6-MSITC in a serving of wasabi with sushi is small.
Uto T, Hou DX, Morinaga O, Shoyama Y — Advances in Pharmacological Sciences
DOI: 10.1155/2012/614046
Images
The main photo is in the card header. More images will appear here when available.
Safety
What the warning types mean
The type on each warning helps group themes — it does not replace the separate severity badge.
- Internal use
- Risks from swallowing, extracts, duration of use or concentration for internal use.
- Interactions / medicines
- Possible effect on medicines or concurrent treatment — check sources and a professional.
- Raw plant parts
- Raw, unripe or poorly prepared plant parts can be dangerous.
- Toxins and regulation
- Toxic constituents or regulated compounds (e.g. in distillates).
- Contact with the plant
- Skin or mucosa irritation from contact with fresh plant or sap.
- Allergy
- Allergic reactions, often linked to family sensitisation.
- Harvesting and contamination
- Contamination, species mix-ups or harvesting from unsuitable places.
No structured safety records yet.